A List of Everything You Should Know About Ap Lit Essay Topics For 2020

A List of Everything You Should Know About Ap Lit Essay Topics For 2020In their Ap Lit Essay Topics for 2020, the professors at Saint Mary's College set out to explore the topic of 'Advocacy: Do the sun also rise?' The students at Saint Mary's are taking the class and some of them also did not think it was necessary to say that. This is not a class where the teachers are considering the relevance of the Sun's impact on the world but they were just asking the students to write what the Sun has been to them, as well as what the effects have been in their lives. The essay topic actually starts with a perspective from someone who is in total control of his life.After this perspective the other sections of the essay follow, starting with related subjects, and then making those up the line. Then the students think about the seasons, and their daily routines, and they even take the subject of election into consideration, which is important because many people are afraid of the state of the world, and it is an unfortunate fact that so many people in politics make big promises. After the students take a good look at the Sun and the world and the times that are going on, they come up with their own ideas of how to help change things for the better, whether it is 'Justice'Love.'When writing the essays the teachers use the same process they use in their Ap Lit Essay Topics for any other essay they offer, and they asked the students to write what the Sun has been to them, as well as what the effects have been in their lives. They allowed the students to use their own opinions about the Sun's influence and effect on the world, as well as their own lives, so it was hard to pick out one of the essays that was more thoughtful than the others.This was the exact situation that we found ourselves in, and when I got up to look at the solar noon page of the main campus sign at 10:00 a.m. morning everyone was still asleep, and I thought if we had gone to class we would have seen the sun rising, as it should have risen several hours ago, but no we couldn't see anything.As the sun started to rise we started to see the long lines of cars lined up for the ferry to the island, but by the time we got to the ferry dock all of the people had already boarded the ferry to this island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. But that doesn't matter because as soon as we got off the ferry and were walking down the pier into the town of Apolonia we saw the people on the street, and in the shops, and people were standing on the streets, and on the sidewalks, and on the bike paths, and on all the busy roads, and they were all in their beach attire and walking with confidence, as if they were off the beach in Hawaii or somewhere.I then asked myself, why did they feel confident that they were safe on the streets of Apolonia? And it wasn't just because of the wonderful beaches they were walking along on the sunny afternoon, but because they knew the first people they would run into w ould be on the streets, and they thought it would be safe.I had a wonderful day of traveling with my friends and then checking out the amazing scenery, I felt it would be safe for me to walk to the supermarket to get some fresh vegetables and fruits and then back home to start writing an essay about the Sun. There is nothing like seeing a beautiful sunrise over the ocean, as you begin your journey home.

Customer Orientation Of Airport Service Quality - 949 Words

Introduction The aviation industry is one that is consistently changing and the demand in air travel is on the rise. With the rise in air travel, airports need to be able to handle the traffic. But the problem is that service quality in an airport declines when the airport has reached its design peak hour or even exceeded it. This simply means the airport cannot handle the amount of passengers it has thus customer satisfaction decreases. Today s air travelers have meaningful choices among airports and there is an increasing urgency among airport marketers to differentiate themselves by meeting the needs of customers better than the competition. While passengers perception of airport service quality is only one of several variables (e.g. routes, scheduling, location and prices) that contribute to overall airport attractiveness, it is nevertheless an important variable because of the increasing importance of a customer orientation to competitive advantage in this industry.(Fodness Murray, 2007) Solving it would result in a more efficient airport which can reduce the amount of delays at an airport whether is from aircraft landing or taking off or passenger traffic within the terminal thus giving the airport an advantage over the competition by becoming a preferred airport. Literature Review Airports are a place where passengers encounter a bundle of tangible and intangible services in what Bitner (1992) has characterized as an elaborate services cape. TheShow MoreRelatedPerformance Management Framework: Growing a Limousine Service Company1161 Words   |  5 Pageslimousine service company Introduction The particulars of an appropriate performance management framework will vary from industry to industry and corporation to corporation. The prioritization of different components of the performance management framework will depend on the particular role or function satisfied by the employee in question. For example, one common performance management framework defines the core components of the organization according to mission and strategy; customer satisfaction;Read MoreIdentification and Description of Singapore Airlines Processes1636 Words   |  7 PagesDescription of SIAs Processes The major processes of Singapore International Airlines consist of cabin service, flight operations, commercial marketing, information technology, engineering, security, and airport services and training. Excellent cabin service includes greeting passengers upon entering the cabin and directing them to their seats, providing them with information about the services and treating them with hospitality and courtesy. Flight operations determine that the flights are wellRead MoreQuality Management775 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Quality Management on Domestic and Global Competition Paper Effects of Quality Management on Domestic and Global Competition Paper Quality Management within any organization is important because it will guide the organization to success. The goal that the organization is looking to accomplish will heavily depend on what quality of service is offered to the customers. Managers, who provide quality service will increase the level of satisfaction to the customersRead MoreIn Baltimore1516 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion: 1. How does Southwest Airlines compete? What are its advantages relative to other airlines? 2. The plane turnaround process requires coordination among twelve functional groups at SWA to service, in a brief period of time, an incoming plane and match it up with its new passengers and baggage for a prompt departure. Please evaluate the plane turnaround process at Baltimore -- resource utilization, capacity, bottlenecks, information flows, etc. How is the process working? 3. Why is the opearationalRead MoreIn Baltimore1500 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion: 1. How does Southwest Airlines compete? What are its advantages relative to other airlines? 2. The plane turnaround process requires coordination among twelve functional groups at SWA to service, in a brief period of time, an incoming plane and match it up with its new passengers and baggage for a prompt departure. Please evaluate the plane turnaround process at Baltimore -- resource utilization, capacity, bottlenecks, information flows, etc. How is the process working? 3. Why is theRead MoreBenefits Of Measure Service Quality2058 Words   |  9 PagesKong two of the best-ranked airports in the world Airports are similar to cities in a variety of aspects where to happen many activities such as take-off, landings of aircraft, movement of people and freight. It is important to highlight that passengers are the essence of the airports operations considering that the primary purpose of the commercial aviation is to transport customers from one point to another point in a period of time. In over the past years airports focused only in the departureRead MoreAir Asia Structure1698 Words   |  7 Pages AirAsia had won several rewards and one of the most significant awards is being the World’s Best Low Cost Airline for 4 consecutive years (AirAsia 2012). The Low budget fares are structured in the way that all fares are quoted one way to allow customers the flexibility to choose where and when they would like to fly. It also adopts a simplistic fare structure based on the time value relationship for seats. The earlier a person book the ticket, the cheaper the fare will be. The first few tiers areRead MoreSouthwest Airlines - Hbr Case Analysis754 Words   |  4 Pagesair carrier from offering direct service into Love Field from any place beyond Texas and the four contiguous states of Oklahoma, Louisiana, Arkansas, and New Mexico, but also made more difficult the life of passengers coming from outside theses states and forbid the advertising to flights coming from Love Field, the competition made SA adopt a differentiation strategy. Which factors became crucial to the success of this company since its beginning? SA chose airports that were underutilized but wereRead MoreEasyjet Casestudy2664 Words   |  11 Pagessales and customer base. They are; Product:- In the respective case study as Easyjet is a airline industry, its main fleet consists of Airbus A320-200, Airbus A319 and Boeing 737-700. Easyjet is a budget airliner and intended to attract business customers and leisure travelers spending lesser time travelling between destinations. The company does not provide complimentary meals or refreshments on board to reduce costs and increase space to accommodate more customers, whereas customers can buy itemsRead MoreQuality Management: Cathay Pacific Airways2448 Words   |  10 Pagespassenger services to over 80 destinations around the world. They are deeply committed to Hong Kong, where the Company was founded in 1946. They continue to make substantial investments to develop Hong Kongs aviation industry and enhance Hong Kongs position as a regional transportation hub. In addition to their fleet of aircrafts, these investments include catering, aircraft maintenance and ground handling companies, as well as their corporate headquarters at Hong Kong International Airport; Cathay

Things Fall Apart - 1991 Words

Tragic Hero or Coward? In Achebe’s book Things Fall Apart Okonkwo is arguably made out to be a â€Å"coward† due to the killing of the messenger and to himself. Many reader’s don’t see that Okonkwo is no coward at all, but should be considered a â€Å"tragic hero†. In the tribe of Umuofia, Okonkwo is considered to be the â€Å"greatest men of his time†(Achebe 8), his characteristics fit the definition of an everyday hero, which is a man of distinguished courage, ability, and thought highly of for his brave deeds and noble qualities. Okonkwo is a well respected man in the tribe and rises to the top very quickly â€Å"like a brush-fire in the harmattan†(Achebe 3) and at a young age; he is muscular, vigorous, well respected, and wealthy. Achebe describes†¦show more content†¦He has been fantasying his return from the start of his exile and is nonetheless starting to fill with more anxiety. Reader’s are starting to see thi ngs falling apart in not only the tribe of Umuofia but also in Okonkwo himself. Okonkwo gets a little relief from the tension and anxiety going on in his mind and the reader actually see’s a little happiness in him when they burn down the church. But when the District Commissioner comes to the village and takes Okonkwo and the leaders prisoner. This is were readers see Okonkwo’s downfall unravel quickly. While being held prisoner of the missionary’s â€Å"judicial system†, Okonkwo loses it after being humiliated by the whitemen. He tells his other tribe members, â€Å" we should have killed the white man if you had listen to me†(Achebe 195). The reader can see that Okonkwo is filled with hate specially toward the white man and he is just a â€Å"ticking time bomb.† Achebe’s also mentions it in the book, â€Å"Okonkwo was choked with hate†(Achebe 195). This is a turning point in the story and for the missionaries. When Enoch i s encouraged by Smith to insult the traditional Igbo culture by killing the â€Å"sacred python†and de-masking of the god, readers tend to believe that this is where things begin to change. According to spark notes the killing of the python, â€Å"emblematize the transition from the old order to the new.†Showing the reader’s the missionaries are trying to covert the Igbo and will do it noShow MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart910 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Okonkwo Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is a novel about a man in West Africa. It tells about his triumphs and trial ultimately leading to his demise. It explains how the â€Å"white man† came into his country and took over. It show you how the â€Å"white man† mad things fall apart. Okonkwo was a very large and tall man. He had big bushy eyebrows and a huge nose. As stated in Things Fall Apart, â€Å"He was tall and huge, and his bushy eyebrows and wide nose gave him a very severe look (3-4).† He was extremelyRead MoreThings fall apart1057 Words   |  5 Pages Reflection on the novel Things Fall Apart The Idea of Culture in Things Fall Apart The novel Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe is a story about personal beliefs, customs and also about conflict. There is struggle between family and within culture and it also deals with the concept of culture and the notion of the values and traditions within a culture. The word culture is Latin and means to cultivate. To cultivate has several meanings; it can mean to plow, fertilize, raise and plantRead MoreThings Fall Apart875 Words   |  4 PagesOkonkwo is a tragic hero in Things Fall Apart Question ( 2 ): Discuss Okonkwo in Chinua Achebe s â€Å"Things Fall Apart† is a tragic hero. Answer: In Chinua Achebe’s novel â€Å"Things Fall Apart† Okonkwo is a tragic hero. Aristotle’s Poetics defines a Tragic Hero as a good man of high status who displays a tragic flaw ‘hamartia’ and experiences a dramatic reversal ‘peripeteia’, as well as an intense moment of recognition ‘anagnorisis’. Okonkwo is a leader and hardworking member of the Igbo communityRead MoreThings Fall Apart977 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferently by two different readers? Things Fall Apart Language and Literature Things fall apart is a novel written by Chinua Achebe. It is set during the late 19th, early 20th century in a small village named Umuofia situated in Nigeria. This time period is important because it was a period in colonial history when the British were increasing their influence economic, cultural, and political influence in Africa. The novel deals with the rise and fall of Okonkwo, a man from the village ofRead MoreThings Fall Apart818 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish oral presentation Cultural strengths of the Ibo society before the invasion of the colons. The novel Things fall apart by Chinua Achebe describes the social and cultural traits of a culture based on the principles of labor and masculinity, conformity and kinship and finally on solid juridical system. The worth of a man was measured by his strength and the amount of work he could accomplish and how efficiently feed his family, the concepts of masculinity is strictly related withRead MoreThings Fall Apart2539 Words   |  11 PagesSociety (Things Fall Apart) Women are often thought of as the weaker, more vulnerable of the two sexes. Thus, women’s roles in literature are often subdued and subordinate. In Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, women are repressed by an entrenched structure of the social repression. Women suffer great losses in this novel but, also in certain circumstances, hold tremendous power. Achebe provides progressively changing attitudes towards women’s role. At first glance, the women in Things Fall Apart mayRead More Things Fall Apart Essay763 Words   |  4 PagesChinua Achebes Things Fall Apart shows an odd similarity between the cultures of Ancient Greece and the Lower Niger. Despite the fact that two societies can exist during different periods of time and have conflicting cultural values, their stories and behavior can have surprising overlaps. Things Fall Apart is structured like a Greek Tragedy in its use of a chorus and in the presence of a tragic hero whose actions ultimately lead to his downfall. The Egwugwu from Things Fall Apart act like the chorusRead More Things Fall Apart Essay714 Words   |  3 PagesThings Fall Apart Opposites do not Attract In Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe, Mr. Brown, the first missionary in Umuofia, was a kind and respectful man. Not to say that Reverend James Smith was not, but his degree of kindness and respect were present in a whole different level. They both wanted to convert the lost, all those in Umuofia that were not in the church. Mr. Brown made friends with the clan and â€Å"trod softly on his faith,† (pg.178) while Mr. Smith told them how thingsRead MoreSummary Of Things Fall Apart 716 Words   |  3 PagesJory Alkhudair Mr. Meister English 10th 26 October 2017 Things Fall Apart I am writing about Ekwefi , Okonkwo’s second wife, and who was once the village beauty. Ekwefi is also the mother of Ezinma , Okonkwo’s only daughter . Ezinma is her only surviving child, her other nine died in infancy. Ekwefi constantly fears that she will lose Ezinma too. The festival was only three days away. We were scrubbing the walls and the huts with red earthRead MoreColonialism In Things Fall Apart1824 Words   |  8 Pageswritten by Chinua Achebe which shows the main theme of the novel Things Fall Apart, and even represents the theme within the article, â€Å"The Benefits of British Rule†. There are many cultures with different values or practices that might seem obscure to one group but normal to another, therefore no one can determine what culture is wrong or right, but it s up to society to determine the best way of life. The novel Things Fall Apart and the article â€Å"The Benefits of British Rule† examine two different

My Experience (617 words) Essay Example For Students

My Experience (617 words) Essay I want to design the worlds most advanced computer software and the way I wanna do it is my way. I believe that I will one day be the best and most advanced system out there. When I was a young boy I first learned about computers from my mom and dad. They had a old windows 98 computer and oh boy was that computer slow. When I was about 9 years old I got this dream that I was gonna create the most advanced operating system for a computer and that?s still my dream today. When I got my first computer I was 14 it was a Windows XP computer and that is when I really wanted to learn to manipulate the system to make it the way I wanted because I didn?t like they way windows operated. When I was 16 I started learning how to manipulate windows, as I was almost done learning my dad bought me an iMac and I loved the mac operating system and I have stayed Mac because Windows is so broken and hard to figure out but Mac is easy to understand and to teach to people the mechanics of the operating sys tem. When I was 16 I was able to teach people how to use Mac OS and to customize it to there liking and whatever other things they want. I got my first iPhone and loved it, it was the best phone out in my opinion. It had the first developed apps and the first facebook app. Then android came out and I found the phone I wanted it was the HTC Droid Eris. So when my contract was up with ATT, I got Verizon and bought the Droid and that opened up a whole new world of hacking/breaking for me. I had one of my good friends Jon Sakura teach me how to break the android software and I finally did it myself. With the break I could change colors, sounds, and a whole bunch of other things. I have come to this conclusion that android is tedious and requires a lot of work to keep the break going or the phone gets to be really slow and eventually stops working.When I was 17 I got my first iPod, I started reading about hacking/breaking the operating system on the iPod to make it yours. So I read up and practiced it and bricked (crashed the operating system which makes them useless) a couple iPods. I gave up for a while and decided that maybe computers is what I was meant to do. To me computers are the easiest thing out there, some people think cars are easy or math but to me computers are. When I was 18 I got a brand new smartphone and I couldnt wait to break the system and make it mine. I didn?t know that all the smartphone manufactures put a block on there system and made it almost impossible to break the system. So I tried and tried and it just wouldnt work and I started breaking my way and got rid of the block completely and that is what is making me go to college is to be a programmer and find out what all goes into making a system complete and how people break them. Now Im 19 and I have my iPhone and I have officially jailbroken over 50 iPods and 23 iPhones and I will be taking my programming class and be that much closer to my degree in what I love doing. Within my friends I have been dubbed the hacker and that is now what my friends call me.

Orientation free essay sample

Orientation Written task 2 consists of a different type of task. WT 2 is a critical response in the form of an essay. It has the purpose to: * To reflect about the values beliefs and attitudes implied in the text and concepstsutudies * To view text in alternative ways * To provide an individual responses to the way at text can be understood What are the essential requirements fro developing a wrriten task 2 assigment? 1st your critical responses is based on material from the course. ( for this one in particular we will be focusing on language nd you will hav e to develop a formal outline ( this is the equivalent of the rationale for this task) it has an espesific form * In your outline you will have to include the following intems. * The prescribe question you chose to focus your reflection on * You will have to choose either a text that you find that will helpful to develop your response You will have to provide three or four specific points that you will focus on for your response   Task 2 question are divided in three categories 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Orientation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Reader, culture and text How could text be read and interpreted differently by two different readers? * If the text had been written in a different time or place or language or for a different audience how and why may it? 2. Power and privilege * How and why is a social group represented in a particular way? * Which social groups are marginalized, excluded, or silenced within the text 3. Text and genre * How does the text confron to, or deviate from, the convention of a particular genre, and for what purpose? * How has the text borrowed from other text, and with what effects

Gender and Sex Tourism

Gender and Sex Tourism Introduction Tourism that is based on gender and sex has become one of the hottest topics in social studies that have aroused interest in many researchers who wish to find out the relationship between the two and the reasons for its development.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Gender and Sex Tourism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Tourism has developed as a phenomenon since the 19th century when it was first organized by Thomas Cook from a tour to cure curiosity by the rich into an activity that is currently affordable by almost all classes due to the different packages that come with it. Different places in the world attract different types of tourism from sightseeing to sports tourism and many other forms. Tourism has been further developed by globalization, which can be described as the integration and interaction of the people of the world on different platforms at the global level through government relations, business, and education among other activities aided by information technology. Eroticism tourism has also emerged among many other forms of tourism attractions. It has found a place in such places like Amsterdam and other cities in the South American States. The Dominican Republic has come out as one of the best-known sex haven tourism spot in the world. The study therefore finds out the contribution and views of Dominican women towards sex tourism and the masculinity of tourism as a factor. Effects of Globalization and Tourism Gregory’s work reveals the impact of globalization on â€Å"the lives of real people, communities, and nation states† (2007, p. 245). Globalization has developed in recent times due to the information technology explosion that has seen the whole world interconnect seamlessly with so much ease. The development of the internet technology has led to an easy and faster communication processes, which has enabled the whole world to access and exchange information over the internet in real time. Therefore, the internet can be credited with the fast growth of globalization due to its conveyor effect to information from one point to the other. Globalization has also been accentuated by the liberalization of almost all the economies of the world with capitalism taking the center stage as the most preferred form of the economy by world countries. Capitalism leans heavily on independence of the mind, which can further be described as liberalism. It allows parties to engage their ideas on the economic scale liberally without being constrained by such issues like social ethics. According to Bear, Freedom is associated with specific forms of capitalist activities (n.d, p 4.).Advertising Looking for critical writing on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Globalization and Neoliberalization have changed the living conditions of the poor by fur ther marginalizing them and subjecting them into mere survival and existence. Although globalization has made the world become seamless with easy movement and interaction of people in the world, it has made it more difficult for the lower class to go up the ladder because it only provides a thriving environment for the ‘have’ who in turn use their economic advantage to exploit the ‘have not’. According to Gregory, in his book The Devil Behind the Mirror, he explains that an average Dominican family toils and survives on less than $2 per day yet Western tourists pay $200-$300 per night for an endless supply of food. Such inequalities are the epitomes of globalization, which thrives on capitalism. Under such circumstances, men and women of society are forced to struggle to survive. This survival ends up being survival for the fittest. Women in this case are the most vulnerable. They are forced into commercial sex activities to earn a living for themselves and for their families. Acceptance of this practice is what has fuelled sex tourism in countries like the Dominican Republic. Role of Dominican Women Statistics indicate that an average of 60000-100000 Dominican women engages in prostitution, which is a great attraction to sex tourists. The Dominican Republic has been christened as the Thailand of the West in terms of sex tourism. It is neither legal nor illegal to practice prostitution in this republic leaving it ‘open’ to individuals to decide for themselves. Dominican women have played a big role in promoting the sex tourism business of their country. They are known to package and or advertise themselves as beautiful, sexy, and ready to fulfill sexual satisfaction of their clients. The biggest notion that has made the Dominican Republic thrive as a sex tourism destination is that its women are beautiful, sexy, and cheap. To add onto this issue, most Dominican women practice prostitution as an accepted social practice.Ad vertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Gender and Sex Tourism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the Dominican Republic, it is easy to pick a woman off the streets and pay her for sex especially if one is a foreigner. Foreigners are known to pay much more for sex in relation to locals. The attraction that drives Dominican women to tourists is the generosity that tourists have when it comes to spending on them and the fees that they are ready to pay for the sex, which are premium rates. The picture of desperate Dominican women struggling with poverty has been one of the greatest contributory factors to sex tourism in that poverty has led them into descending into prostitution. The availability of prostitution on demand and at every corner has given the country a name as a sex tourism destination and hence a great attraction to tourists who want to satisfy their pleasurable desires. Dominican Republic is one of So uth America’s poor countries with very low literacy levels. It main stay economic activities like agriculture does not pay well with most of the agricultural industries that used to run the economy closing down or going under the privatization hammer. Poverty leads to women moving from their villages to the city to earn whatever living they can afford. Due to lack of education and a limited number of employment opportunities, they end up in the bars and clubs of the city from where they become available for prostitution. Most of the women in Dominican Republic are single mothers and heads of their households. Therefore, they have to provide for their households. These women earn much more working with tourists than when working in factories and hence the reason why so many of them can be found in tourist spots (Gregory 2007, p.34). Although some of them are not in the sex industry, it is difficult to differentiate them because the hospitality industry encourages them to provi de all the services the tourist might demand. Women always play subordinate roles to men. This nature of submissiveness has seen them become vulnerable members of the society in danger of exploitation by other men and women who run prostitution rings. Masculinity of Tourists Masculinity of tourists is one of the biggest catalysts for sex tourism in the Dominican Republic. Masculinity in this case can be described in two forms the first one being the masculine nature of the tourist or simply male desires of the tourists. The second one is the economic power that the tourists wield over the locals.Advertising Looking for critical writing on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Dominican Republic has been structured by a history of colonial legacies that led to unequal social strata after the colonialists had gone (Appadurai, 1990, p. 55). Combining this issue with unequal economic and political relations leaves the majority of the people of the Dominican Republic with little control over their social political affairs. The old age social practices left behind by colonialists have left the women in the Dominican republic a vulnerable lot who have to live outside the accepted ethics for them to survive. This challenge has therefore left many of them with no option other than to turn to tourism. The location of the Dominican Republic close to the United States of America has made the country easily accessible to tourists chasing eroticism. Most tourists coming in from the West are well off enough to afford the adventures offered by the Dominican tourism packages because they are cheap compared to other exotic destinations in the world. The ability of man y budget tourists or backpackers to afford to come to the Dominican Republic has risen the profile of sex tourism because it come in as one of the cheapest forms of pleasure one can afford. The tourism masculinity has adopted an oriental form of discourse that tends to follow into the footsteps of the main driving forces of the tourism destination (Said, n.d, p. 48). Tradition in the Dominican Republic has been sold to foreign corporate interests who come in to do business under the license of investors. Foreigners who market businesses to their fellow nationals with promises of bottomless erotic pleasures to be offered own most of them (businesses) in the tourism circuit in the Dominican Republic. They go ahead to employ beautiful Dominican women as waitresses to serve the clientele that will be coming in. The masculinities of tourists, which can be described as male tourists therefore feed on the availability of Dominican women who earn more by working with tourists than by workin g with companies. In this case, most tourists coming are male tourists specifically seeking eroticism. Imperial masculinity, as brought about by tourism thrives on gender, racial, national, and class differences. It subjects women to subordination towards men. Most Dominican women working in the tourism industry are poor. They try to find prospects from the tourists as a source of a better life. Tourism offers some women hope of finding love and marriage to able foreigners who will take them out of their country and or poverty to new prospects of a good life. The economic power of male tourists is able to buy any activity from a woman. How do women challenge this representation? There have been concerted efforts by women scholars to dispel the picture of Dominican women as being a sex market for tourists. These efforts have been in the line of academia from where female researchers have tried to paint a different picture of the Dominican sex industry. In doing this effort, they have tried to explain the set up of the situation by showing that it is beyond these women’s will to engage in the practice. They have blamed the matter on globalization and the liberalism associated with it. To prove their point, they have come up with examples of how globalization has opened up other closed cultures like those of the Indian women into a form of eroticism liberalization. Women tend to be the main subjects in this case because they are portrayed as the weaker sex between them and men. Thus, when it comes to survival, women tend to struggle a lot to survive (A Biocathography, n.d, p. 197). In her book, Reworking the National in Global Capitalism, Bear paints a picture of how women in Kolkota embrace any prospects that can better their lives. In her opinion, gender plays a big role in defining roles in society. More often, women are always disadvantaged when it comes to them competing with men. Although such scholars have come out to the defense of women, the defen se has been found to be largely hypothetical because it picks from the minority of the group as the representation of the whole group. To most women on the ground, prostitution has been embraced as a source of income that has changed the cultural set up of the community to fit into the changes brought to the community by globalization. As much as academicians try to paint a picture of an enforced practice because of poverty and other challenges, ethical morals of the community have been left open because prostitution in the Dominican Republic is neither legal nor illegal. Conclusion Sex tourism has cut a niche for itself as a form of tourism that is able to move the economy of a given country forward. In countries like Netherlands, it is an organized business that formally pays tax from its income. Thus, its illegitimacy is relative to ones ethical subscriptions. Women tend to be affected most in the case of sex tourism, as they are the most targeted for sex by men who make up the m ajority of sex buyers. Reference List A Biocathography (n.d). Maids, Neoslavery and NGO’s. New York: Word Press. Appadurai, A. (1990). Disjuncture in the Global Economy. London: Sage Publication. Bear, L. (n.d). Rewriting the National in Global Capitalism: Freedom and Consumption  in the Lives of International Call Centre Workers in Kolkata. Oxford: Oxford UP. Gregory, S. (2007). The Devil Behind the Mirror: Globalization and Politics in the  Dominican Republic. London: University of California Press. Said, A. (n.d). Orientalism: Introduction. London: Sage.

Brand Loyalty A Two Dimensional Approach Marketing Essay

Brand Loyalty A Two Dimensional Approach Marketing Essay The ultimate goal of the research is to understand if brand loyalty may arise from participating in online brand communities. This section more specifically intends to provide an answer to the following sub-question: â€Å"Does commitment to online brand communities lead to members’ loyalty toward the brand?† Brand Loyalty: a Two-Dimensional Approach Nowadays, brand loyalty is considered as one of the most valuable asset of any company. Due to the higher cost of attracting new customers, companies have realized the interest of retaining existing ones by carefully developing and managing relationships with them. As explained Rosenberg and Czepiel (1983) (cited in Mellens, Dekimpe, indeed, if properly managed brand loyalty has the ability to provide companies with a sustainable competitive advantage. Companies selling brands with strong customer loyalty can enjoy valuable benefits including: â€Å"ability to maintain premium pricing, greater bargaining power with chann els of distribution, reduced selling costs, a strong barrier to potential new entries into the product or service category, and synergistic advantages of brand extensions† (Reichheld, 1996; cited in Gommans, Krismnan Mellens et al., 1996). Two main approaches in explaining the concept of brand loyalty have emerged in the landscape of the marketing literature, namely: the behavioral and attitudinal approaches. The former defines brand loyalty in terms of repeat purchases of a specific brand over time (Keller et al., 2008; Lichtlà © Sheth, 1968; Tuominen, 1999). The latter – often referred to brand commitment (Jacoby and Chestnut, 1978) – suggests brand loyalty is formed when customers demonstrate favorable attitudes, positive feelings toward a brand (Lichtlà © Fullerton, 1993; Jacoby Keller et al., 2008; Tuominen, 1999). Those partisans of the third approach argue that behavioral loyalty is a necessary condition but not sufficient to develop brand loyalty. I ndeed, customer may repeatedly buy a branded product/service out of convenience, or because she/he cannot afford to purchase another with her/his budget, or due to other reasons such as stock limitations. Such behaviors are referred to as purchase inertia (Bloemer & Kasper, 1995) or spurious loyalty (Dick & Basu, 1994) (Cited in Lichtlà © & Plichon, 2008). This implies that if, for example, the price increases or if an alternative product is available, the customer may turn to another brand. It is the reason why those authors speak of brand loyalty only when repeat purchase behavior over time is the result of positive feelings and attitudes to the brand (Lichtlà © & Plichon, 2008). Aaker (1991) and Keller et al. (2008) go a step further by explaining customers should not simply have positive feelings about the brand but they should feel a deep attitudinal attachment to the brand, leading to repurchase behaviors in the future. By viewing brand loyalty as a two-dimensional construct , limitations faced by the behavioral approach in explaining customer’s loyalty to a brand can be overcome.