Lincoln :: essays research papers

Abraham Lincoln (pronounced linken) (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865), sometimes called Abe Lincoln and nicknamed Honest Abe, the Rail Splitter and the Great Emancipator, was the 16th President of the United States (1861–1865), and the first president from the Republican Party. Lincoln staunchly opposed the expansion of slavery into federal territories, and his victory in the 1860 presidential election further polarized the nation. Before his inauguration in March of 1861, seven Southern slave states seceded1 from the United States, formed the Confederate States of America, and took control of U.S. forts and other properties within their boundaries. These events soon led to the American Civil War. Lincoln was a master politician who emerged as a wartime leader skilled at balancing competing considerations and at getting rival groups to work together toward a common goal. He personally directed the war effort, which ultimately led the Union forces to victory over the seceding Confederacy. His leadership qualities were evident in his diplomatic handling of the border slave states at the beginning of the fighting, in his defeat of a congressional attempt to reorganize his cabinet in 1862, in his many speeches and writings which helped mobilize and inspire the North, and in his defusing of the peace issue in the 1864 presidential campaign. He is criticised by some for issuing executive orders suspending habeas corpus, imprisoning opposing government officials, and ordering the arrest of several publishers. Lincoln had a lasting influence on U.S. political and social institutions. The most important may have been setting the precedent for greater centralization of powers in the federal government and a weakening of the powers of the individual state governments, although this is disputed as the federal government reverted to its customary weakness after Reconstruction and the modern administrative state would only emerge with the New Deal some seventy years later. Lincoln was also the president who declared Thanksgiving as a national holiday, established the U.S. Department of Agriculture (though not as a Cabinet-level department), revived national banking and banks, and admitted West Virginia and Nevada as states. He also encouraged efforts to expand white settlement in western North America, signing the Homestead Act (1862).

Most Played Online Games

Online Games 1 INTRODUCTION The youth of today no longer seem to spend their leisure activities like in the olden days; outdoor games or playing with toys, instead, they spend their free time in their homes, internet cafes or computer shops simply to satisfy their hunger; and that hunger is Online Gaming. Online gaming has such a profound impact on not only the young, but dynamically every age group as well. So far, virtually anyone is able to go on a computer and punch through the keys and mouse in order to get a high score, chat with players, get the rarest items, and level up as fast as possible.Yes, there seems to be no restriction as to whom, how or what online gaming can extend to. Almost half of college students who play video, computer or online games admit that it keeps them from studying â€Å"some† or a â€Å"lot,† according to the Pew study. About 9 percent said that gaming was a way to avoid studying. There are kids today that prefer to skip school and stay home to level up in a  MMORPG  game. The others that actually do attend school have trouble concentrating because they are distracted. They are distracted because they consistently think about the online game and the plans that they are going to do.Resulting of this they hardly participate and get into class discussions. Since they spend whatever extra time they have in an online game, they fail to meet the requirements of school. This distressing stuff caught the attention of the research, because of what’s happening to the youth. Why most of the students attract of the online games? Is because of the popular online games? What are the popular online games? Does it affect their academic performance? That’s the question that people want to surely ask.For this, the researchers want to know the reason behind this what the most teenagers most played online games, and also to know if it is Affecting their academic performance. Online Games 2 Review of Related Literatu re Top 10 Most Popular Online Games of 2007 During the first few years of their existence, people thought online games were doomed to be one hit wonders, but this has proven to be untrue. Online games are extremely popular and are devouring the gaming market. 1. Pangya Before â€Å"Pangya†, online gamers never really had anything to say about golf.After â€Å"Pangya†, online gamers around the world have this to say about golf: Super swing, Pangya! This offbeat yet highly entertaining online game brought golf to the attention of millions of online gamers worldwide, and the phenomenon never seems to let go. â€Å"Pangya: Season 3†, the latest expansion patch, brought the ever-popular Kaz the Samurai Warrior into the world of Pangya. Additional features from the new expansion patch includes several new golf courses, a revamped trading system where players may buy and sell in-game items, and, last but not the least, the much-awaited Overworld feature. 2.Ran Online D o you remember what it feels like to be the top student of your class? How about being the class bully, or being bullied? If so, then this online game is set to blow you away. â€Å"Ran Online† is a campus-based online game in the tradition of â€Å"Ragnarok Online†. The creators have created a rich school environment where players are allowed complete freedom of movement. So now you can bring your character to the next level while exploring the game’s rich campus settings. You can also try your luck battling it out with other players in player vs. player, or PVP mode. Online Games 3 3.Granado Espada Known as â€Å"The Sword of the New World† in the United States and other European countries, â€Å"Granada Espada† is the current trend setter in a competitive market. Available character classes include the fighter, the wizard, the musketeer, the Scout, and the Elementalist. The game developers, IMC Games, decided to do away with the popular fantasti cal formula. They, instead, took a notorious era in the history of mankind, the Age of Exploration, threw in a bunch of cool-looking characters, and created a game with tons of flare and personality. 4. RF Online Do you love magic and heavy machine guns?Then â€Å"RF Online† is for you. â€Å"RF Online† is the blockbuster online game from developer CCR. Set in the distant Novus system, a galaxy where high forms of sorcery and technology are at constant collision with one another, â€Å"RF Online†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s plot follows the three-way war between the Accretia clan, the Bellato clan, and the Cora clan. The game-play itself is unique when it comes to the use of race-specific abilities, something of a treat to look forward to in PVP. â€Å"RF Online† has recently become free to play in many countries around the world. 5. Perfect World â€Å"Perfect World† is a tale of soul and swords.The game’s developers, inspired by ancient Chinese mythology, ha ve succeeded in creating a world that defies all conventions. In â€Å"Perfect World†, beasts talk, gigantic birds rule the sky, and humans and elves fight together to bring down ferocious creatures. The game offers a plethora of interesting side-quests and features, including a territorial battle feature, a mount system, a marriage system, a crafting system, and a phone lock feature, specifically designed to combat the worsening crisis in account hacking. Online Games 4 6. Final Fantasy XI â€Å"Final Fantasy XI† is an online gamer and Final Fantasy fanatic’s dream come true.In this game, players assume the role of any of the five tribes that inhabit the world of Vana’diel: the Elvaan tribe, the Hume tribe, the Galka tribe, the Mithra tribe, and the Tarutaru tribe. The game has received a generous amount of critical applause since it initial release in 2002. 7. Fly for Fun â€Å"Fly for Fun† (sometimes called FlyFF) holds the record for being the first online game to offer complete freedom of movement in the air! In this game, players can use a broom or a skateboard to soar and fly off to different parts of the world in their pursuit of stronger monsters to slay.The game is at its ninth version as of writing. Version 10 is slated to come out soon. Available classes include mercenary (becomes Knight or Blade), magician (becomes Psykeeper or Elementor), assist (becomes Ringmaster or Billposter), and acrobat (becomes Ranger or Jester). 8. Ragnarok Online â€Å"Ragnarok Online† may be the epitome of online gaming. No other online game managed to attract the attention of millions of PC gamers around the world at a time when network games, like â€Å"Counter Strike† and â€Å"Starcraft† were primarily responsible for burnt crisp video cards and hard drives. Ragnarok† features an ensemble cast of fantasy character classes: the mercenary class (good with the sword), the thief class (adept at sneaking and c onfusion), the mage class (adept at magic and sorcery), the archer class (good at long-distance combat), the acolyte class (party healers and buffers), and the merchant class (your average traders). Online Games 5 9. Tantra Online â€Å"Tantra† many be a weird name, but it’s a great game. Set within an enigmatic universe where human summoners and ghastly monsters rule the land, â€Å"Tantra† is one of the most innovative online games of all time.All â€Å"Tantra† players are required to choose one of the three gods: Brahma, Shiva and Vishnu. The consequence of your chosen god becomes evident once you enter the game’s fantastic PVP arena. â€Å"Tantra†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s PVP mode is like no other; it is an assault on the senses. Depending on your chosen god, you will be transported to your god’s castle, and as a follower it is your duty to launch an invasion on the castles of the other two gods. When the three tribes collide, all hell breaks loo se, and that is when the game of â€Å"Tantra† reaches its finest hour. 10. World of WarcraftLegendary game developer, Blizzard took its award-winning fantasy world to new heights when it unleashed this mammoth online game. Available character classes include the druid, the hunter, the mage, the paladin, the priest, the rogue, the shaman, the warlock class and the warrior. Huge, breathing environments, a crafty roster of playable classes, a thrifty trading system and an addictive PVP system makes this game a blast to play. Top 10 Most Popular Online Games of 2007. (2007). http://crunkish. com/top-10-online-games-of-2007/ Online Games 6 Video game use and academic performanceAmong gamers and public, there are differing opinions about video games and how it affects children’s academic performance. Most gamers say it has a positive or no effect on their academic performance, most parents and teachers I heard state the opposite. As for academia, well this article isnâ€⠄¢t the first to look at video game use and academic performance. There are certainly others, but this was in my personal library. This study analyzes the correlation between video game usage and academic performance. Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) and grade-point average (GPA) scores were used to gauge academic performance.The amount of time a student spends playing video games has a negative correlation with students’ GPA and SAT scores. As video game usage increases, GPA and SAT scores decrease. A chi-squared analysis found a p value for video game usage and GPA was greater than a 95% confidence level (0. 005 < p < 0. 01). This finding suggests that dependence exists. SAT score and video game usage also returned a p value that was significant (0. 01 < p < 0. 05). Chi-squared results were not significant when comparing time spent studying and an individual’s SAT score.This research suggests that video games may have a detrimental effect on an individual’s GPA and possibly on SAT scores. Although these results show statistical dependence, proving cause and effect remains difficult, since SAT scores represent a single test on a given day. The effects of video games maybe be cumulative; however, drawing a conclusion is difficult because SAT scores represent a measure of general knowledge. GPA versus video games is more reliable because both involve a continuous measurement of engaged activity and performance.The connection remains difficult because of the complex nature of student life and academic performance. Also, video game usage may simply be a function of specific personality types and characteristics. Anand, V. (2007). A study of time management: The correlation between video game usage and academic performance markers. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10(4), 552-559. Online Games 7 College students are avid gamers Video games aren’t just for kids. For American college students, games are as much a part of life as studying and part ying.A study from Pew Internet Research finds that 70 percent of college students play video games at least â€Å"once in a while. † The study, â€Å"Let The Games Begin: Gaming technology and entertainment among college students,† was conducted by Steve Jones, a professor in the Department of Communication at the University of Illinois at Chicago. The goal was to learn about the impact of video games on college student’s lives. The survey was given to college students at four-year and two-year public and private colleges and universities between March 2002 and October 2002. Video games have transformed pop culture.Sales of video games have bypassed Hollywood box office receipts in the last few years. But only recently have researchers started studying the pervasive impact of video games on young people’s lives. The Pew study comes on the heels of research from the University of Rochester that found college students who regularly play shoot-em-up video ga mes have sharper visual skills than those who don’t. The Pew study smashes a few gender stereotypes about avid gamers, finding that slightly more women (60 percent) than men (40 percent) reported playing computer and online games.About the same number of men and women play video games. Women prefer computer games over violent video games played on consoles partly because they don’t usually require the player to choose a character. Online games like Diamond Mine or Tetris are popular among women because gender isn’t an issue. Online Games 8 Men play for fun (45 percent); women play when they’re bored (33 percent). Video games are also a way guys bond with their buddies; 51 percent of men believing that gaming improved their friendship with friends.Only 34 percent of women believe video games help their friendships. Nearly two-thirds of the students said games were a good way to spend time when friends weren’t around, but they also said that video ga mes didn’t take time away from family or friends. Average video gamers in college aren’t the stereotypical alienated loners locked away in darkened, pizza box-filled dorm rooms. Most of the study’s participants had positive associations with video games, saying they felt pleasant (36 percent) when they played or that they were challenging (45 percent).In particular, students said playing video games were a way to spend more time with their friends, one of the key trends spotted by the researchers. Rather than separating leisure activities like video games from the rest of their lives, college students stole time between classes to play or as a brief distraction from writing papers. Multi-tasking is also big on campus with students gaming while instant messaging or even downloading music. Video games are also prime-time for up-all-night college students. About 41 percent of college gamers play after 9 p. m. ith only 8 percent reporting that they play before noon. Weaver, Jane. (2007). http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/3078424/ns/technology_and_science-games/t/college-studen Online Games 9 Synthesis It is clear from the literature that the effect of video games on the youth is both positive and negative. Video games can certainly lead to negative effects such as social isolation and increased aggression, but they are going to remain a part of college culture for the imaginable future. It is important to understand the positive and negative aspects of video games.Playing games socially as part of balanced lifestyle seems to have some positive effects. Playing violent games is linked to several negative problems. The description of women in video games can have a negative effect on the gender views of men and the identity and self-worth of women. Some research has shown that video games may be one way to engage students more in the learning process. This seems especially true in areas involving analytical skills. They can contribute another way o f learning in addition to the many other academic methods which are currently popular.There is ongoing research on how to best leverage games in education, if they should be used at all. Students and educators need to be aware of the dangers of excessive gaming. It can have academic, social, and spiritual consequences. Students have been known to completely disconnect from their friends and surroundings when playing games like World of Warcraft. As was shown by several statistics presented earlier a small percentage of students, especially men, spend a huge amount of time playing video games. Balance needs to be emphasized as an important part of the healthy Christian lifestyle, and video games are no exception.

Increasing Children’s Academic Self Esteem - 932 Words

Increasing Children’s Academic Self Esteem Hanich Jordan (2004) completed a study that showed that students have a realistic understanding of their academic skills. The method for this study was that students rated their competence in mathematics, reading and general intellect. Surprisingly, the student’s beliefs of their abilities were generally what their results showed. This study shed light on student’s awareness for their own need for reading comprehension improvement. This study agrees with the researcher that comprehension is an issue but also shows student self esteem is an issue as well. If students see the need to improve their comprehension ability surely teachers should see the same need. Students that think lowly of their abilities need to be motivated in the right direction. The more children are motivated and interested in reading the better readers they will become. In 2004, a study was done to increase children’s intrinsic motivation to read and reading efficacy (Guthrie et al., 2004). The results of the study showed that children’s intrinsic motivation to read increased during a 12 week Concept oriented reading Instruction (CORI) program. While this study shed light on the need to increase children’s motivation it doesn’t necessarily guarantee better results. A student can enjoy reading and still not comprehend too well. So the study did not show the improvement in reading skills or comprehension just an increased desire among students. In order forShow MoreRelated Parental Involvement in Education and its Effects on Student Academic Performance1159 Words   |  5 PagesParental Involvement in Education and its Effects on Student Academic Performance Educational standards have recently become a controversial issue especially in secondary schools. One of the controversial issues surrounding educational standards is the lack of parental involvement. Various forms of parental involvement range from parental encouragement to parental partnership with the school. By examining parental involvement in secondary education, one can determine that positive parentalRead MoreDevelopment of Self Essay606 Words   |  3 PagesDevelopment of Self The development of self starts at a very young age. When a preschooler is asked how are they different from other children, they usually look at their self concept. Self concept is their identity, of their set of beliefs about what they are like as individuals. Most preschoolers give inaccurate statements about their self concept. They usually overestimate their skills and knowledge. Preschool-age children also begin to develop a view of self that reflects their particularRead MoreThe National Quality Standard And Early Years Learning Framework Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pages Early childhood is a time where children want to express themselves and explore their world independently. It is, therefore, imperative that early childhood settings foster autonomy and develop age-appropriate social and emotional skills. This increasing independence must be fostered for children to grow, develop and become allowing them to function independently (autonomy). This is emphasised strongly th rough both the National Quality Standard and Early Years Learning Framework. This sense ofRead MoreObesity Literature Review1597 Words   |  7 PagesObesity Literature review I. Introduction Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse affect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy. Child obesity has been increasing dramatically and it has become one of the most common chronic conditions for youngsters and its accompanied by several psychological effects. As for the children it might lead to being isolated and having peer problems and sense of discrimination fromRead MoreAnalysis Of Arts And Music In Music And Education1524 Words   |  7 Pagesraise money through levies and taxes. Both options have shown to be ineffective. Research suggests that Arts and Music should be included in the educational system as it is critical in learning because it promotes cognitive development, develops self-esteem, and helps in understanding all other subjects. Cognitive development is vital in a child’s education. Anything that educators can do to help in this is beneficial. â€Å"Making art is a highly cognitive process that involves problem solving, criticalRead MoreExplain the Importance of Resilience in Children and Young People885 Words   |  4 Pageshowever, many other qualities associated with resilience which develop through children’s life experiences — the main ones can be summarised as follows: Good self esteem derives from being accepted by people whose relationship one values and from accomplishment in tasks one values. Praise, on its own, will not improve self-esteem; the child him or herself has also to ascribe value to the achievement. A belief in one’s own self-efficacy means having the qualities of optimism; ‘stickability’ and believingRead MoreTeaching Professionals Best Assist The Development Of Pupil s Self1691 Words   |  7 Pagesschool I work at answers the research question: ‘ ‘How can teaching professionals best assist the development of pupil’s self – esteem in the classroom? ‘ To undertake this research I had two aims: 1. To understand the ways that self- esteem develops and the impact of the classroom experience on self- esteem. 2. To reflect on and improve my own practice with a view to creating an atmosphere in the classroom where the children couldRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Cyber Bullying1705 Words   |  7 Pagesmedia lately that demonstrate the serious repercussions of cyber bullying. Cyberbullying may disrupt a teen’s positive learning and cause them to perform poorly in their academics, which can lead to them dropping out of school. The presence of cyberbullying in school has created many negative effect on teens, such as, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression and suicide. We need to find ways to protect our schools from cyberbullying because of the impact that it has on teens are detrimental. We can preventRead MoreThe Importance Of Early Childhood Friendship1267 Words   |  6 Pagesconsidering the tremendous impact it has on our well being. Early-childhood friendship is something that is frequently overlooked as a positive developmental influence. Preschool friendships are helpful in d eveloping social and emotional skills, increasing a sense of belonging and decreasing stress. People who feel lonely or socially isolated tend to be more depressed and have more health issues. Both boys and girls form strong attachments to others need social and emotional support. It is human natureRead MoreMediation : A Good Point1427 Words   |  6 Pagesthat happen such as being force to try drugs and stealing happens. How Peer Mediation can help Children to resolve Conflicts in School Parents were shown techniques of how to discuss their children’s emotions and they were less likely to blame them for past transgressions and to propose solutions to the children’s conflicts (Ross Lazinski, 2014). This is important because parents will gain their children s trust and be able to show them how to resolve their own conflict with their siblings and friends

Biography of Abigail Adams, Wife of John Adams

Wife of the second President of the United States, Abigail Adams is an example of one kind of life lived by women in colonial, Revolutionary and early post-Revolutionary America. While shes perhaps best known simply as an early First Lady (before the term was used) and mother of another President, and perhaps known for the stance she took for womens rights in letters to her husband, she should also be known as a competent farm manager and financial manager. Known for: First Lady, mother of John Quincy Adams, farm manager, letter writerDates: November 22 (11 old style), 1744 - October 28, 1818; married October 25, 1764Also known as: Abigail Smith AdamsPlaces: Massachusetts, Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., United StatesOrganizations/Religion: Congregational, Unitarian Early Life Born Abigail Smith, the future First Lady was the daughter of a minister, William Smith, and his wife Elizabeth Quincy.  The family had long roots in Puritan America, and were part of the Congregational church.  Her father was part of the liberal wing within the church, an Arminian, distanced from Calvinist Congregational roots in predestination and questioning the truth of the traditional  doctrine of the Trinity. Educated at home, because there were few schools for girls and because she was often ill as a child,  Abigail Adams learned quickly and read widely. She also learned to write, and quite early began writing to family and friends. Abigail met John Adams in 1759 when he visited her fathers parsonage in Weymouth, Massachusetts.  They carried out their courtship in letters as Diana and Lysander.  They married in 1764, and moved first to Braintree and later to Boston.  Abigail bore five children, and one died in early childhood. Abigails marriage to John Adams was warm and loving‚—and also intellectually lively, to judge from their letters. Journey to First Lady After almost a decade of rather quiet family life,  John became involved in the Continental Congress. In 1774, John attended the First Continental Congress in Philadelphia, while Abigail remained in Massachusetts, raising the family.  During his long absences over the next 10 years, Abigail managed the family and the farm and corresponded not only with her husband but with many family members and friends, including Mercy Otis Warren and Judith Sargent Murray.  She served as the primary educator of the children, including the future sixth U.S. president, John Quincy Adams. John served in Europe as a diplomatic representative from 1778, and as a representative  of the new nation, continued in that capacity. Abigail Adams joined him in 1784, first for a year in Paris then three in London. They returned to America in 1788. John Adams served as Vice President of the United States from 1789-1797 and then as President 1797-1801. Abigail spent some of her time at home, managing the family financial affairs, and part of her time in the federal capital, in Philadelphia most of those years and, very briefly, in the new White House in Washington, D.C. (November 1800 - March 1801). Her letters show that she was a strong supporter of his Federalist positions. After John retired from public life at the end of his presidency, the couple lived quietly in Braintree, Massachusetts.  Her letters also show that she was consulted by her son, John Quincy Adams. She was proud of him, and worried about her sons Thomas and Charles and her daughters husband, who were not so successful.  She took hard her daughters death in 1813.   Death Abigail Adams died in 1818 after contracting  typhus, seven years before her son, John Quincy Adams, became the sixth president of the U.S., but long enough to see him become Secretary of State in James Monroes administration. It is mostly through her letters that we know much about the life and personality of this intelligent and perceptive woman of colonial America and the Revolutionary and post-Revolutionary period.  A collection of the letters was published in 1840 by her grandson, and more have followed. Among her positions expressed in the letters was a deep suspicion of slavery and racism, support for womens rights including married womens property rights and the right to education, and full acknowledgement by her death that she had become, religiously, a unitarian. Resources and Further Reading Akers, Charles W. Abigail Adams: An American Woman. Library of American Biography Series. 1999.Bober, Natalie S. Abigail Adams: Witness to a Revolution. 1998. Young adult book.  Cappon, Lester J. (editor). The Adams-Jefferson Letters: The Complete Correspondence Between Thomas Jefferson and Abigail and John Adams. 1988.  Gelles, Edith B. Portia: The World of Abigail Adams. 1995 edition.  Levin, Phyllis Lee. Abigail Adams: A Biography. 2001.Nagel, Paul C. The Adams Women: Abigail and Louisa Adams, Their Sisters and Daughters. 1999 reprint.Nagel, Paul C. Descent from Glory: Four Generations of the John Adams Family. 1999 reprint.  Withey, Lynne. Dearest Friend: A Life of Abigail Adams. 2001.

Essay about Should Smoking Be Illegal - 825 Words

One of the largest and most problematic health issues in our society is smoking. Smoking is currently the leading cause of death in our country, due to its harmful and addicting contents, such as nicotine and tobacco. Although millions die from it each year, smoking is the single most preventable cause of death as well. Without smoking, a tremendous amount of money and lives will be saved. I think that our country should ban smoking and the production of cigarettes in order to maintain a healthier nation. Currently in our nation, about 22 % of the people smoke, which is about 60.7 million people. All of these people are losing about 12 years of life, just by smoking. Every year, 440,000 people die of smoking related†¦show more content†¦If the selling of cigarettes is made illegal, all of these companies would completely be out of business and thousands of workers would have lost their job. These companies would be put in debt because they could no longer make a profi t. Although it would be for the best, the entire tobacco industry would be outraged if smoking became illegal. Even though tobacco companies would lose hundred of millions of dollars by going out of business, our nation is already losing even more money from having smoking part of our society. For example, about 75 billion dollars of extra money is spent just on medical care for people with smoking related health problems. Because of this large demand for healthcare, every family in the nation spends about 600 extra dollars on taxes each year to cover these costs. An additional 50 billion dollars is lost in productivity each year, due to the costs of the tobacco industry. I think that all of this money should be used for different things such as scientific research or education. Instead of spending money on cigarettes, our government should be using its money on things that make positive affects on our country and its people. Passive smoking occurs when someone inhales the sm oke of someone smoking nearby. This can occur in restaurants, hotels and even at home. Studies show that non-smokers who live with aShow MoreRelatedSmoking Should Be Illegal742 Words   |  3 PagesApril 2017 Smoking should be Illegal Secondhand smoke is just as bad as smoking the cigarette yourself.Therefore smoking should be illegal because it causes cancer and it s highly addictive. People can die from lung cancer First,SMOKING CAN KILL† states â€Å"lung cancer is the No. 1 cancer killer in the United States for both men and women. It kills more people than breast, prostate, colon, liver, kidney and melanoma cancers combined. Lung cancer is caused by smoking. Next,â€Å"WARNING SMOKING CAN KILLRead MoreSecondhand Smoking Should Be Illegal1276 Words   |  6 PagesIn our generation smoking still exists even though there are some people who quit smoking and there are some still smoke in ages, however the only problem in our society, people who smoke around youngsters called as well as secondhand smoking is a detective around children and adults. It is important that secondhand smoke shouldn’t be smoking around their own children or underage due to health. Secondhand smoking, tobacco smoke is exhaled by a second smoker or is given off by burning tobacco andRead MoreShould Smoking Cigarette Be Illegal?685 Words   |  3 PagesShould Cigarette Smoki ng be Made Illegal? Name Institution Date A cigarette is a small cylinder like filled with cut tobacco leaves and rolled in a paper and ignited for smoking. In most countries, tobacco smoking is legal due to the businesses motives and also the people who are addicted. They cannot do without it. It has immense consequences, and it should, therefore, be illegal from the effects to the smokers, passive smokers and all the human beings due to the pollution of the environmentRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoking On The Baby887 Words   |  4 Pageswhile pregnant is completely unacceptable. The list of negative effects that smoking while pregnant have on the baby range from premature labor to brain defects. Clinical studies have proven the negative short and long term effects that smoking while pregnant can have on a baby. Smoking while pregnant should be illegal, due to the amount of negative effects it has on the baby. One of the most common effects of smoking while pregnant is premature labor. A premature birth is any birth before 37 weeksRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoking On The Baby893 Words   |  4 Pageswhile pregnant is completely unacceptable. The list of negative effects that smoking while pregnant have on the baby range from premature labor to brain defects. Clinical studies have proven the negative short and long term effects that smoking while pregnant can have on a baby. Smoking while pregnant should be illegal, due to the amount of negative effects it has on the baby. One of the most common effects of smoking while pregnant is premature labor. A premature birth is any birth before 37 weeksRead MoreCigarettes should be made illegal1565 Words   |  7 Pagessale of cigarettes should be made illegal Nowadays in the present world smoking cigarettes has become a trend for every age of people and they take it as a fashion. A statistics shows that nearly $8.37 billion are used by the cigarette industries on advertising and promotions annually. And almost $23 million are used every day for the same purpose. The production and sale of cigarettes not only has negative impact on human health, it can even cause death. Because of smoking more than 5 millionRead MoreShould Cigarettes Be Banned in the U.S.?1400 Words   |  6 PagesShould Cigarettes Be Banned in the U.S.? Tobacco has been around in the world for over 2.5 million years. It was not until a few hundred years ago when the tobacco industry decided to put these crops into use and conjure up tobacco products for the community. A popular tobacco product in society is cigarettes, as they are cheap and simple to use. As long as one is over eighteen, acquiring cigarettes is a straightforward process for a reasonable price, albeit the sin tax. It was not until recentlyRead MoreShould Smoking Be Legal?1706 Words   |  7 PagesSmoking tobacco has been in existence for thousands of years. For most of its existence smoking has been acceptable, tolerable, and permitted in our mainstream society. In recent years, smoking tobacco has been under scrutiny. Smoking bans have been introduced to restrict smokers from smoking in public and private places. For example, restaurants, bars, hotels, parks, and beaches throughout the United States have established the bans against public smoking. I discovered th is has significance as itRead More America Needs a Complete Smoking Ban Essay1399 Words   |  6 Pageschildren are exposed to secondhand smoke, many develop life threatening diseases later in life as a result of that exposure. In the United States, smoking should be banned while in the presence of children. Children’s lungs are vulnerable to the effects of secondhand smoke, and this can cause serious problems down the road. Some states have already banned smoking in public and others are in the process. Secondhand smoke exposure has the possibility of causing nicotine dependence in adolescent (nicotineRead MoreShould Cigarettes Be Banned in the U.S.?1444 Words   |  6 Pagesnicotine and other hazardous chemicals to the body, cigarettes also cause a whole host of health implications to the user and the people around him or her. Aside from these health implications, cigarettes should not be banned in the U.S. because of the exaggeration of the results of secondhand smoking , the similarity of the Prohibition era, the devastation of the U.S. economy, and the freedom of one’s own actions. The two main reasons why people want cigarettes to be banned is because of the health

Ancient Cassiterides Free Essays

Ancient geography The Cassiterides, meaning Tin Islands (from the Greek word for tin: /Kassiteros), are an ancient geographical name of islands that were regarded as situated somewhere near the west coasts of Europe. The traditional assumption, ignoring Strabo, is that Cassiterides refer to Great Britain, based on the significant tin deposits in Cornwall. Herodotus (430 BC) had only dimly heard of the Cassiterides, â€Å"from which we are said to have our tin,† but did not discount the islands as legendary. We will write a custom essay sample on Ancient Cassiterides or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3] Later writers — Posidonius, Diodorus Siculus,[4] Strabo[5] and others — call them smallish islands off (â€Å"some way off,† Strabo says) the northwest coast of the Iberian Peninsula, which contained tin mines or, according to Strabo, tin and lead mines. A passage in Diodorus derives the name rather from their nearness to the tin districts of Northwest Iberia. Ptolemy and Dionysios Periegetes mentioned them — the former as ten small islands in Northwest Iberia far off the coast and arranged symbolically as a ring, and the latter in connection with the mythical Hesperides. Probably written in the first century BC, the verse Circumnavigation of the World, whose anonymous author is called the â€Å"Pseudo-Scymnus,† places two tin islands on the upper part of the Adriatic Sea and mentioned the marketplace Osor on the island of Cres, where extraordinary high-quality tin could be bought. [6][7] Pliny the Elder, on the other hand, represents the Cassiterides as fronting Celtiberia. At a time when geographical knowledge of the West was still scanty, and when the secrets of the tin-trade were still successfully guarded by the seamen of Gades and others who dealt in the metal, the Greeks knew only that tin came to them by sea from the far West, and the idea of tin-producing islands easily arose. Later, when the West was better explored, it was found that tin actually came from two regions: Northwest Iberia and Cornwall. Diodorus reports: â€Å"For there are many mines of tin in the country above Lusitania and on the islets which lie off Iberia out in the ocean and are called because of that fact the Cassiterides. † According to Diodorus tin also came from Britannia to Gaul and thence was brought overland to Massilia and Narbo. [8] Neither of these could be called small islands or described as off the Northwest coast of Iberia, and so the Greek and Roman geographers did not identify either as the Cassiterides. Instead, they became a third, ill-understood source of tin, conceived of as distinct from Iberia or Britain. Od najdawniejszych czasow Brytania znana byla ze swych zloz metali. Fenicjanie i Kartaginczycy sprowadzali stad glownie cyne (plumbum album). Jej glowne zloza wystepowaly w starozytnosci, podobnie jak dzis, na wybrzezu Kornwalii i wyspach stanowiacych jej przedluzenie, slynnych „Wyspach Cynowych† (insulae Cassiterides). W srodkowych rejonach wyspy obficie wystepuje zelazo, ktorego zloza powierzchniowe eksploatowali Brytowie, a z glebokich kopalni wydobywali je Rzymianie. Rzymianie tez rozpoczeli eksploatacje bogatych pokladow miedzi, ktore wystepuja glownie na terenie dzis. Kornwalii, Cardigenshire i Anglesey w poblizu Llandundo. Gory Walii byly natomiast terenami zlotodajnymi kopano tam tez srebro. Tacyt mowi po prostu: „Brytania dostarcza zlota, srebra i innych metali, ktore sa nagroda za zwyciestwo. †Ã‚   Wyobraznie rzymskich najezdzcow rozbudzaly tez inne legendarne bogactwa wyspy, o ktorych opowiada niezastapiony Tacyt: „Ocean rodzi perly lecz nieco sine i blade. † How to cite Ancient Cassiterides, Papers

Management For Organizational Excellence -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Management For Organizational Excellence? Answer: Introduction Customer communications cover the field that requires an organization to take measures related to communication that enables continuous exchange of interactive information across customer networks to build profitable relationships with customers. There is a growing demand for efficient customer service among customers for addressing their personal needs and requirements. Hence, it is the goal of the customer communication to establish, expand and maintain customer retention and customer relationships. This paper aims at evaluating and analyzing the role of customer communication in efficient management. The first section of the paper discusses and provides a general idea on customer communication. The second section of the paper discusses the areas where customer communication must be implemented and the ways through which they can be incorporated or executed. The third and final section of the paper points out the advantage and benefits of effective customer communication that can p rove beneficial for a business organization. Overview of Customer Communications Management (CCM) With the rising awareness of the importance of customer communication, customers have become more likely to engage and communicate with the vendors. Hence, customers preferences for efficient and effective communication with their vendors are also increasing. Therefore, it has become important for companies to pay attention to the needs of customers by maintaining effective communication with the customers. Customer communication helps the business organizations to frame, personalize and convey information to the customers about their products, services and support throughout their lifecycle through various output media (Goetsch and Davis 2014). The platforms for communicating with the customers can be many, such as marketing, adopting new products, transactions of purchases, and supporting the customers and responding to their queries. Effective customer communications management helps in enhancing the customer experience, end-to-end. Successful and effective implementation of CCM s trategies allows a business organization to engage the customers more personally with the industry while effectively communicating with them via various channels with very little effort. With the emergence and advent of a digital age, customers have become more digitalized as well. Traditionally, the journey of the customers had been linear starting from identifying or discovering an object to evaluating the same to finally purchasing it. However, to state facts, today customers are digital and require a kind of flexibility in the communications processes taking place from the side of the business organization (Alteren and Tudoran 2016). The customers want to be better advised and prefer to have better knowledge on the options they have beforehand and this can be made through effective communications with the customers. Areas of Implementation of Customer Communication The most important tools for customer communication are the ones that help in the establishment of stable customer relationships. In fact, it has been seen that having active communications with the customers is the most effective way to engage customers into interacting. Moreover, indulging the priority customers into active communication is the most effective way to ensure growth of business profitability through customer retention and the establishment of customer loyalty that can prove to be a competitive advantage for business organizations (Mahr, Lievens and Blazevic 2014). Therefore, customer communications has become a number one priority for most business organizations especially given to the fact that there has been a rise in the existence of similar products in the market. In other words, it can be said that customer communications has become necessary for the establishment of trust and reliance among customers and to optimize the operations of customer management of compa nies while providing guarantee for the growth in customer retention rates and for the establishment of long-term customer relationships. However, it is a fact that many companies do not rely on interactive communication with the customers. They encourage hand written mails for the purpose of communicating with the customers since they consider it to be more personal and therefore hopes to establish a better and more stable and personal relationship with the customers. However, such a method of implementing customer communications is not efficient enough. It is so because such approaches to implementation often does not contain any idea on how to address or solve personalized communications (Berger and Iyengar 2013). Furthermore, such types of communication often face technical and organizational glitches as well as the problems associated with limited investment resources. With the emergence of the Web 2.0 and advanced technologies, customers have started preferring active interactions via the web-based media apart from the traditional media (Choudhury and Harrigan 2014). Hence, companies have started giving the web the most importance to carry out active communication with the customers. They have started using platforms like the social media, the customer feedback channels, web pages and official sites and e-mails for communicating information with the customers. Moreover, concepts such as the Customer Relationships Management (CRM) and Enterprise Content Management (ECM) are all integrated within the customer communications framework. The major areas that should be focused on for an active customer communication resulting in a greater customer experience are customer feedback and satisfaction, and customer engagement in company policies (Cornelissen and Cornelissen 2017). Addressing customer feedbacks is essential since it develops within the customers a sense of importance. Responding to the grievances and issues of the customers through active communication facilitates the establishment of the customers trust on the companies as well as renders them a sense of satisfaction on being heard (Filip 2013). Moreover, they feel closer and are able to identify with the organization on a personal level. They also feel ensured that they can reach the organization whenever necessary and their issues will be heard and that the company is always at their service. With regard to customer engagement in the company policies, customer communication plays an important role. Active customer communication from the side of the compa ny, allows the customers to receive information about the company and therefore gain a more elaborate view of the company. Moreover, it enables the customers to play an active role in the decision-making activities of the company as high priority stakeholders since it is they who are affected the most from the company decisions. Customer communication should also be implemented to help the customers gain knowledge about the (Bruhn and Schnebelen 2017)new products adopted by the company along with any new changes made in the old products. Moreover, customer communication helps the companies to get valuable insights from the customers as to any new recommendations or changes that should be made in the company policies and management for the betterment of the companies. Hence, customer communication strategies should be implemented at areas that require and ensure active and interactive participation of both the customers and the companies through mainly web based and digital platforms . Benefits of Customer Communications and Scope for its Improvement It must be noted that customer experience is one of the factors that decides the success of a business organization. To ensure greater customer experience, companies must engage in active interaction with the customers. Active communication between customers and companies can be beneficial for the business in a number of ways. First, it results in the enhancement of customer service that serves as a major concern among the customers of the 21st century. Second, it helps in gaining important feedbacks form the customers that prove beneficial for the companies in case some strategies or provisions need to be improved (Cui and Wu 2016). Third, customer communication between customers and companies helps in maintaining a positive brand image. Fourth, effective customer communication management helps in establishing brand loyalty among customers (Dimyati 2015). Fifth, effective customer communication ensures customer retention and enables the company to attract new customers and thereby e xpand the business. Sixth, effective customer communication that leads to greater customer experience helps the company to achieve growth in their revenue and profitability. Seventh, efficient customer communications management also ensures positive promotion of the brand through word-of-mouth (Blazevic et al. 2013). Eighth, customer communication is more likely to cost less reducing the need for extensive marketing and expenses required for campaigns aimed at customer retention. Ninth, effective customer communication will create open platforms comprising of opportunities to up-sell and cross-sell. Tenth, and finally, it has been seen often that customers who are engaged in effective and active communication with the companies are more likely to forgive and forget a mistake on the part of the company. Effective customer communication can be achieved and improved in a number of ways. Companies must develop web-based and digital platforms for improving the standards of customer communication (Samson, Mehta and Chandani 2014). Companies must engage and economics the customers to share their feedbacks and issues and must respond immediately to the grievances of the customers (Filip 2013). Companies must also inform the customers about any new products or policies adopted via the communicating platforms like social media, traditional media, and official sites of the company. Companies must conduct surveys among customers and gain perceptions of their satisfaction level on the operations and management of the company and ask for their suggestions as how to improve them and then act accordingly. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be stated that customer communication is an essential paradigm related to business management. Effective communication with customers not only helps the organizations to attend to the demands of the customers, but also helps in ensuring greater customer experience. In fact, interacting with customers on an active basis ensures better customer service that is necessary for customer retention and establishing customer brand loyalty. References Alteren, G. and Tudoran, A.A., 2016. Enhancing export performance: Betting on customer orientation, behavioral commitment, and communication.International Business Review,25(1), pp.370-381. Berger, J. and Iyengar, R., 2013. Communication channels and word of mouth: How the medium shapes the message.Journal of consumer research,40(3), pp.567-579. Blazevic, V., Hammedi, W., Garnefeld, I., Rust, R.T., Keiningham, T., Andreassen, T.W., Donthu, N. and Carl, W., 2013. Beyond traditional word-of-mouth: an expanded model of customer-driven influence.Journal of Service Management,24(3), pp.294-313. Bruhn, M. and Schnebelen, S., 2017. Integrated marketing communicationfrom an instrumental to a customer-centric perspective.European Journal of Marketing,51(3), pp.464-489. Choudhury, M.M. and Harrigan, P., 2014. CRM to social CRM: the integration of new technologies into customer relationship management.Journal of Strategic Marketing,22(2), pp.149-176. Cornelissen, J. and Cornelissen, J.P., 2017.Corporate communication: A guide to theory and practice. Sage. Cui, A.S. and Wu, F., 2016. Utilizing customer knowledge in innovation: antecedents and impact of customer involvement on new product performance.Journal of the academy of marketing science,44(4), pp.516-538. Dimyati, M., 2015. The Role of Customer Satisfaction in Mediating Marketing Communication Effect on Customer Loyalty.Researchers World,6(4), p.75. Filip, A., 2013. Complaint management: A customer satisfaction learning process.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,93, pp.271-275. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Mahr, D., Lievens, A. and Blazevic, V., 2014. The value of customer cocreated knowledge during the innovation process.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(3), pp.599-615. Samson, R., Mehta, M. and Chandani, A., 2014. Impact of online digital communication on customer buying decision.Procedia Economics and Finance,11, pp.872-880.